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Nov-29-2011 15:39printcomments

Is the American Psychiatric Association in Bed with Big Pharma?

Do we really need more mental disorder diagnoses creating the need for more drugs in a society that some would say is already over-medicated?

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Is this what America is coming to?

(SAN FRANCISCO) - The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is published by the American Psychiatric Association. The DSM provides a common language and standard criteria for the classification of mental disorders, which is used in the United States and to some extent internationally, by clinicians, researchers, psychiatric drug regulation agencies, health insurance companies, pharmaceutical companies, and policy makers. The DSM is produced by a panel of psychiatrists, many of whom have financial ties to the pharmaceutical industry. It is considered the "bible" of American psychiatry. The latest edition -- DSM-IV -- was published in 1994.

In 1952, the DSM was a small, spiral-bound handbook (DSM-I), but the latest edition (DSM-IV), is a 943-page magnum opus. Over time, psychiatric diagnoses have increased in the American population and in turn, drugs that affect mental states are then used to treat them. The theory that psychiatric conditions are caused by a biochemical imbalance is often used as a justification for their widespread use, even though the theory in unproven. Since there are no objective tests for mental illness and what is normal and abnormal is often unclear, psychiatry is a particularly fertile field for creating new diagnoses or broadening old ones.

Medications are widely used to treat the symptoms of mental disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. Sometimes medications are used with other treatments such as psychotherapy.

While I am sure research in mental disorders account for some of this increase, I cannot help but believe that there is a certain amount of disease-peddling going on. That is, instead of promoting drugs to treat diseases, diseases are promoted to fit the drugs. For example, shyness as a psychiatric illness made its debut as "social phobia" in DSM-III in 1980, but was said to be rare. By 1994, when DSM-IV was published, it had become "social anxiety disorder," now said to be extremely common, thus, boosting sales of antidepressants. Now, social anxiety disorder is "a severe medical condition." In 1999, the FDA approved a drug for social anxiety disorder. After a successful marketing campaign, the sales of Paxil soared.

Presently, a revised version of the DSM <www.dsm5.org> is set for publication in 2013. The proposed revision has proven quite controversial.  A group of psychologists with the Society for Humanistic Psychology, for examle,  has filed a petition <www.ipetitions.com/petition/dsm5> objecting to many of the revisions, arguing that they broaden the definition of mental health disorders, which, in turn, could lead to over treatment with drugs.  Some but not all, of the objections of tthe Society -- along with the British Psychological Society and the American Counseling Association -- to the proposed DSM-V include:  


* The proposed DSM "fails to explicitly state that deviant behavior and primary conflicts between the individual and society are not mental disorders."   "Given lack of consensus as to the “primary” causes of mental distress, this proposed change may result in the labeling of sociopolitical deviance as mental disorder."

* "Several new proposals with little empirical basis also warrant hesitation:  For example, “Apathy Syndrome,” “Internet Addiction Disorder,” and “Parental Alienation Syndrome” have virtually no basis in the empirical literature."

* “…clients and the general public are negatively affected by the continued and continuous medicalization of their natural and normal responses to their experiences; responses which undoubtedly have distressing consequences which demand helping responses, but which do not reflect illnesses so much as normal individual variation.”

Do we really need more mental disorder diagnoses creating the need for more drugs in a society that some would say is already over-medicated? Let's look at some statistics.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) the percentage of Americans who took at least one prescription drug in the past month increased from 44 percent to 48 percent over the past ten years. The use of two or more drugs increased from 25 percent to 31 percent. The use of five or more drugs increased from 6 percent to 11 percent. And in 2007-2008, 1 out of every 5 children and 9 out of 10 older Americans reported using at least one prescription drug in the past month.

And Americans are spending more on drugs. According to the CDC, spending for prescription drugs in the U.S. was $234.1 billion in 2008, which was more than double what was spent in 1999.

And the pharmaceutical industry is profiting. According to Fortune 500 (May 3, 2010 issue date), the profits for the twelve largest pharmaceutical companies was almost $64 billion in 2010. Clearly, Pharma has a financial interest in a DSM with more mental disorders because it will mean a demand for more drugs to treat them.

The critics -- and the public too -- have a stake in the proposed DSM-V. More mental disorders may mean just more drugs in our over-medicated society.

Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes once quipped, "If all the drugs were thrown in the ocean, everyone would be better-off . . . except for the fish."  While this is a an overstatement, it does contain a grain of truth.

_________________________________

Salem-News.com writer Ralph E. Stone was born in Massachusetts. He is a graduate of both Middlebury College and Suffolk Law School. We are very fortunate to have this writer's talents in this troubling world; Ralph has an eye for detail that others miss. As is the case with many Salem-News.com writers, Ralph is an American Veteran who served in war. Ralph served his nation after college as a U.S. Army officer during the Vietnam war. After Vietnam, he went on to have a career with the Federal Trade Commission as an Attorney specializing in Consumer and Antitrust Law. Over the years, Ralph has traveled extensively with his wife Judi, taking in data from all over the world, which today adds to his collective knowledge about extremely important subjects like the economy and taxation. You can send Ralph an email at this address stonere@earthlink.net

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Tim White November 30, 2011 2:57 pm (Pacific time)

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Pharma Blog » 2010 » November » 04
Take Off! Pfizer Wants To Sell A Jet For $37 Million
18 Comments
By Ed Silverman // November 4th, 2010 // 7:14 am

The ongoing cost-cutting program at Pfizer is getting close to home for the c-suite. The drugmaker is peddling a jet that only the chosen few ever get to use - a 2003 Gulfstream G550 - for nearly $37 million. At a time when thousands of jobs are being cut, plants closed and research programs shelved, this is a nifty sum that could pay for costs associated with eliminating those employeees and facilities. Of course, the proceeds could also fund the next round of executive bonuses.
For the curious, the aircraft has logged 3,433 flying hours and made 1,830 landings. How do we know? Look here. The jet has apparently ventured to some interesting places, too, such as the World Economic Forum in Switzerland and on Dec. 26, 2008 - the day after Christmas - it was spotted in Naples, Florida. Hmm… That’s usually a busy day for meetings. Wait. Golf, anyone? Check out the first photo here and then peruse the others.
For the record, the plane is registered to Charlie Papa Operations, according to the Federal Aviation Administration registry. Who is or was Charlie Papa? We confess we do not have the answer, but we can say that Charlie Papa is a Pfizer subsidiary, according to a filing with the US Securities and Exchange Commission (see this).
Pfizer aircraft have generated interest before, but not for a very flattering reason. Two years ago, Pfizer was embarassed when it became known its top human resources exec was using a company helicopter to commute each week between her Maryland home and Pfizer headquarters in New York, a move sanctioned at the time by Pfizer ceo Jeff Kindler. He reversed himself after underlings remonstrated over disclosure issues and employee morale (back story).
But not every Pfizer exec is enamored with company aircraft. Pfizer cfo Frank D’Amelio, for instance, does not like to fly and, in fact, sources tell us he avoids doing so whenever possible. This little-known detail may make it easier for the drugmaker to part with one of its many jets (see here and here). Of course, any additional failures in the lab (read this) and perhaps another plane will be put up for sale. Pfizer employees may have to buckle up, anyway.
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Anonymous November 30, 2011 12:32 pm (Pacific time)

Here in the U.S, they took over the health system and education system around 1901. (takeover of the financial system came later in 1913). Kinda scary knowing those that took over all of these institutions, use eugenics as their religion. Cures are not profitable, and they cant patent herbs,..so destroy them.


Ralph E. Stone November 30, 2011 12:17 pm (Pacific time)

A general comment: Pharma is in the business of selling pharmaceuticals, including prescription drugs. To do so, an incestuous relationship has developed over the years between physicians who prescribe drugs and Pharma who makes them. Pharma paid out more than $250 million to some 17,000 physicians and nurses in 2009 and 2010. Nearly 400 of these physicians received payments of $100,000 or more to promote drugs, serve as medical consultants, speak at conferences, or enroll patients in trials. In addition, there are complaints that some Pharma companies exert undue influence over key federal advisory committees tasked with approving vaccines for mandated health-care programs. And the conflict of interest rules of the FDA and CDC are considered weak. When someone tells me that a mental disorder is supported by research, I would ask that person to point out which research was funded wholely or in part by a Pharma company, and which, if any, negative studies were selected out or are just re-hashes of positive ones


Daniel November 30, 2011 7:43 am (Pacific time)

Excellent article Ralph . I personally believe one of the main reason so many are chemically imbalanced is because of the American junk food diet . I am in my mid 60s and never use any pharma drugs , including over the counter . I eat a good diet of real food and drink lots of clean well water and exercise regularly . Maybe its just good genetics and a lot of luck but I see so many others including relatives using pharma drugs . Growing up I never saw this level of use , now it seems almost everyone is popping pills . Now if your 10 year old does not sit passively for his boring lessons lets put him on drugs . It has nothing to do with the fact he just drank 12 ozs of a caffeine soda and ate some artificially colored and flavored crap , does it ! A number of schools do not even have gym classes to burn off some of that youthful energy .


M. Dennis Paul, Ph.D. November 29, 2011 9:16 pm (Pacific time)

Ralph... I meant to include a mention of two very important works.. older and perhaps difficult to find but still monumental exposes of the disease of modern medicine.. The Therapeutic Nightmare and By Prescription Only by Morton Mintz. My "bibles" as it were for contributing to the exposure of criminals behind not only the capitalist greed inhabiting the health "industry" but the many wars we, as a nation, have been taught to believe had altruistic origins.


M. Dennis Paul, Ph.D. November 29, 2011 8:36 pm (Pacific time)

Ralph, it is always a pleasure to read your articles. Stimulating thought is one sure fire way to keep the heart and mind in shape.. and thus staving off any need for medications. I and many compatriots have been fighting the DSM battle for over 30 years. What so few are aware of is that the diagnoses found in this massive construct are not based on genuinely scientific data regardless of the $$ and effort spent by the APA's to foster such belief. Inclusion of a diagnosis... syndrome/disorder/disease is based upon consensus. If a sufficient number of MD's, PsyD's, etc. agree a diagnosis should be included, it typically is included. Too, with no evidence of efficacy ever established in a rational scientific manner, the Tx of choice is also a consensus phenomenon. It is barely coincidental that the largest lobbies in this country are representatives of the major drug/chemical manufacturers (Big Pharma). Big enough that Dan Quayle's government legacy was to gain Big Pharma offices right in the WhiteHouse. Consensus? Disease creation by consensus? Impossible.. the unknowing will say. However, it is highly notable that Homosexuality was once listed as a diagnosed mental disorder.. that is, until the gay lobby pressured the Big Pharma lobby and the APA's. The diagnosis was prompt;y removed in, I believe, 1971 or 1972. And then there was the "Uppity Housewife Syndrome". Yes.. a housewife who argued with her husband too much and exhibited symptoms of discontent and depression as well as aggression could be diagnosed and treated for this horrific disorder. Feminists squashed this one.. or so it seemed. Remember, in dealing with such issues, we are necessarily dealing with highly astute, well trained sneaks, con men, and pathological liars. Please see: Preventing Homosexuality (and Uppity Women) in the Womb? http://goo.gl/dtBgM

Ralph, I am surmising your awareness of the new criteria for creation of the DSM V. Perhaps even the politics behind this "revolution". For those not aware, I offer this link which explains quite a bit in a relatively short space. I urge all to look deeply into this and ask questions to spur understanding. New Mental Disorders for Children and Adults, Psychiatry and DSM V http://goo.gl/L2WgI and I end with a little tale. After Ron Reagan opened the doors (and then locked them for good) on the nation's mental health hospitals, the task of care fell to local community health centers. One such center existed in my home town and was run by a Psychiatrist known for diagnosing by virtue of a chess game. If you beat him, you were dangerously psychotic and placed in the states guarded mental health ward. Your treatment consisted of Thorazine round the clock and a handful of other meds which masked some of the symptoms of Thorazine. I had a close friend who happened to be a great chess player. Myself and two others were forced to break into the hospital and smuggle our buddy out. He since has raised a family putting his two boys through college and has remained married and stable for over 30 years. I spent a number of years providing educational and psychological programs for a drug rehab. I used to take bets with some of the other counselors regarding which mental health service incoming new clients were involved. I made a bit of extra change this way and counselors were often rather suspicious. Eventually, I let on that when a client came through the door with a large bag of medications, it was a safe bet they were under the "care" of this Psychiatrist from my home town. He had the largest pill pushing operation going for many years and received yearly awards for the "care and Treatment" he provided. I assumed his efficacy was measured by how few of his patients wound up in jail. If they were taking his meds, they were too stoned all the time and unable to function sufficiently to, in many cases, walk, let alone commit a crime. As a measure, this "Doctor" was paid an annual salary of $500,000 from the State and town. Such a good deal, he maneuvered a spot for his wife at a generous $280,000 and not long after, a spot for his daughter at a pleasant $250,000. A community health family business raking in over $1 million a year. And then there were the perks.. speaking engagements, articles, lectures and workshops, conferences etc that netted him an additional $300,000 per year, another $150,000 for his wife, and 65,000 for daughter. I later discovered that he held a no-show consultant position for a major pharmaceutical company to the tune of 2.5 million a year. Add his and his families stocks in Big Pharma and this family was rolling in dough... all provided by the wholly unscientific DSM and the unholy APA's.


gp November 29, 2011 4:21 pm (Pacific time)

This is a response to the question posed by your article: Is the American Psychiatric Association in bed with big Pharma. Since they also oversaw torture in Guantanemo, I will just tell you this little anecdote and you can guess my reply. Once, when Jan Pavel (John Paul) was pope, my husband, an early morning runner of long habit, happened to see a man in the woods taking a dump. This old fellow looked exactly like the Pope. Evermore, my husband has always replied to these types of questions, "does the pope shit in the woods?".

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